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References and Links
References and Links has information on the map sources, bibliographic references and links to related Web sites.
List of References and Links:
References
Andrews, Jeanne (ed.). 1993. Flooding: Canada Water Book. Cat. No. En37-96/1993E. Ottawa: Ecosystem Sciences and Evaluation Directorate, Economics and Conservation Branch, Environment Canada.
Ashmore, P. and M. Church. 2001. The Impact of Climate Change on Rivers and River Processes in Canada. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 555. Ottawa: Natural Resources Canada.
Blais-Stevens, A. Geertsema, M., Schwab, J.W., Bornhold, B.D., and Mosher, D.C. 2006. A brief overview of landslide-generated tsunamis in North America, 2006 Disaster Mitigation Conference, Canadian Civil Engineering Conference, Calgary, Paper DM-024, 12 p.
Boteler, D.H 2001. Assessment of geomagnetic hazard to Canadian power systems. J. Natural Hazards, 23, 101-120, 2001
Boteler, D.H. 2003. Geomagnetic hazards to conducting networks. J. Natural Hazards, 28, Issue 2-3, 537-561, March 2003
Brooks, G.R., Evans, S.G. and Clague, J.J. 2001. A Synthesis of Natural Geological Hazards in Canada. (G.R. Brooks, editor): Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 548.
Clague, J.J. 2001. Tsunamis. A Synthesis of geological hazards in Canada (G. Brooks, ed.) Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 548, p. 27-42.
Clague, J.J. and Evans, S.G. 1994. Formation and Failure of Natural Dams in the Canadian Cordillera. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 464.
Clague, J.J., P.T. Bobrowsky R.D. Hyndman 1995. The Threat of a Great Earthquake in Southwestern British Columbia. The BC Professional Engineer (v. 46, no. 9, p. 4-8)
Clague, J.J., Yorath, C.J.J., Franklin, R., and Turner, R.J.W. 2006. At risk. Earthquakes and tsunamis on the west coast Tricouni Press, Vancouver, 200 p.
Daglis, I. A. (ed.) 2001. Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, 2001
Evans, S.G. 2001. Landslides; in A Synthesis of Geological Hazards in Canada (ed.) G.R. Brooks, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 548, p. 43-79.
Farndon, John. 1992. How the earth works. Pleasantville, New York: The Reader's Digest Association Inc.
Fernberg, P.A., Trichtchenko, L., Boteler, D.H., McKee, L. 2007. Telluric hazard assessment for northern pipelines. Paper No 07654, Proc. NACE CORROSION/2007, March 2007
Filmon, G. 2004. Firestorm 2003 provincial review. Province of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia.
Lamontagne, M; Halchuk, S; Cassidy, J F; Rogers, G C. 2007. Significant Canadian earthquakes 1600-2006. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 5539, 32 (+ ill.) pages.
Lee, B.S.; Alexander, M.E.; Hawkes, B.C.; Lynham, T.J.; Stocks, B.J.; Englefield, P. 2002. Information systems in support of wildland fire management decision making in Canada. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 37: 185-198. (This publication can be downloaded from the Canadian Wildland Fire Information System website - listed in the Web Sites section)
Lilensten, J , J. Bornandel 2006. Space Weather, Environment and Societies. Springer, The Netherlands, 2006
National Geographic Society. 1993. Exploring your World, the Adventure of Geography. Prepared by the Society's Special Publications Division. Washington, D.C.
Pararas-Carayannis, G. 1999. Analysis of mechanism of the giant tsunami generation in Lituya Bay on July 9, 1958 Tsunami Symposium, Hawaii, 11 p.
Parisien, M.-A.; Peters, V.S.; Wang, Y.; Little, J.M.; Bosch, E.M.; Stocks, B.J. 2006. Spatial patterns of forest fires in Canada, 1980-1999. International Journal of Wildland Fire 15(3): 361-374.
Peter, B.; Wang, S.; Mogus, T.; Wilson, B. 2006. Fire risk and population trends in Canada's wildland-urban interface Pages 37-48 in K.G. Hirsch and P. Fuglem, Technical Coordinators. Canadian Wildland Fire Strategy: background synthesis, analyses, and perspectives. Canadian Council Forest Ministers, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forest Centre, Edmonton, Alberta.
Phillips, David. 1990. The Climates of Canada. Cat. No. En56-1/1990E. Ottawa: Environment Canada.
Phillips, David. 1993. The Day Niagara Falls Ran Dry ! : Canadian weather facts and trivia. Toronto: Key Porter.
Ruffman, Alan. 1997. Tsunami Runup Mapping as an Emergency Preparedness Planning Tool : The 1929 Tsunami in St.Lawrence, Newfoundland. Prepared for the Office of the Senior Scientific Advisor, Emergency Preparedness Canada. Ottawa: Geomarine Associates Ltd. Halifax, Nove Scotia. v. 1, 107p.
Schwab, J.W. 1999. Tsunamis on Troitsa Lake, British Columbia Extension Note 35, Forest Sciences, BC Forest Service, Smithers, B.C., 4 p.
Song, P., H.J.Singer and G.L.Siscoe (eds.) 2001. Space Weather. Geophysical Monograph, AGU, Washington, 2001
Stocks, B.J.; Mason, J.A.; Todd, J.B.; Bosch, E.M.; Wotton, B.M.; Amiro, B.D.; Flannigan, M.D.;Hirsch, K.G.; Logan, K.A.; Martell, D.L.; Skinner, W.R. 2002. Large forest fires in Canada, 1959-1997. Journal of Geophysical Research (107,8149,doi:10.1029/2001 JD000484).
Taylor, S.W.; Alexander, M.E. 2006. Science, technology and human factors in fire danger rating: The Canadian experience. International Journal of Wildland Fire 15: 121-135.
Ward, S.N. Day, S. 2001. Cumbre Vieja Volcano: Potential collapse and tsunami at La Palma, Canary Islands Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 28, No. 17. p. 3397-3400.
2001. Chisholm Fire Review Committee - Final Report Submitted to the Minister of Alberta Sustainable Resource Development.
Web Sites
Federal Government
- Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archives de Radio-Canada, Glissement de terrain à Saint-Jean-Vianney
- News footage filmed in the days following the disastrous landslide at Saint-Jean-Vianney, Quebec, can be seen on the CBC Archives. (French only)
- Environment Canada. Flooding Events in Canada. Quebec
- The following link provides summaries of floods in southern Quebec in 1974, Montréal 1987, and the problems with ice jamming along the St. Lawrence River.
- Environment Canada. Freshwater Website. Flood Damage Reduction Program
- The Flood Damage Reduction Program, undertaken jointly with the provinces, consists of identifying, mapping and designating flood risk areas, and then applying policies to discourage future flood prone development in those areas.
- Environment Canada. Freshwater Website. The Management of Water. Floods
- A substantial amount of the information in the Floods section of the Freshwater Web site is taken from the following publication: Canada Water Book on Flooding. 1993. Jeanne Andrews (ed.). Environment Canada. Ottawa, Ontario.
- Environment Canada. Freshwater Website. The Management of Water. Floods. Tsunamis
- A substantial amount of the information in the Floods section of the Freshwater Web site is taken from the following publication: "Canada Water Book on Flooding. 1993". Jeanne Andrews (ed.). Environment Canada. Ottawa, Ontario.
- Environment Canada. Meteorological Service of Canada. Severe Weather Watcher Handbook. Tornadoes and Funnel Clouds
- Volunteer weather watchers' reports of severe weather are sometimes the only information available concerning local weather events. For interested volunteers, this Handbook provides the knowledge to report weather information effectively and accurately.
- Environment Canada. Public weather warning for Canada
- The online source for storm surge warnings issued by the Meteorological Service of Canada
- Environment Canada. The Storm Surge and waves at Halifax with hurricane Juan, September 2003
- Interesting description of the storm surge at Halifax during Hurricane Juan
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
- Atlantic tsunami warning system in place since January 2007
- Government of Canada. Public Safety
- The Public Safety Portal is your one-window entry to all public safety information from the Government of Canada.
- Library and Archives Canada. Saguenay Floods 1996: SOS ! Canadian Disasters
- Summaries of the 1996 Saguenay floods and images of the flood damage, including breached dams, can be found at this website.
- Natural Resources Canada. Canada Landslide Loss Reduction Initiative
- Landslides Canada, the main landslide website of Natural Resources Canada contains information on landslides, recent events, an interactive Canadian landslides map and queriable database and a great photo collection. And through 'Related Links' on this website, you can access the federal and provincial emergency preparedness organizations and also follow links to websites of international municipalities that have developed strategies for planning, zoning, and risk mitigation.
- Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Climate Impacts and Adaptation Research Network. Reducing the Vulnerability of Coastal trails and Boardwalks to Storm Surge, Flooding , Erosion and Sea Ice.
- Detailed report by Canada's Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations Research Network on reducing vulnerability of tourist infrastructure to coastal hazards
- Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Forest Service. Canadian Wildland Fire Information System
- The Canadian Wildland Fire Information System creates daily fire weather and fire behavior maps year-round and hot spot maps throughout the forest fire season, generally between May and September.
- Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Forest Service. Canadian Wildland Fire Information System
- The Canadian Wildland Fire Information System creates daily fire weather and fire behavior maps year-round and hot spot maps throughout the forest fire season, generally between May and September.
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service. Key fire links to Canadian Forest Fire Management Agencies.
- Individual provinces and territories have information about FireSmart programs. This web site provides links to these agencies.
- Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Hazard Information Service. Earthquakes Canada
- Earthquakes occuring in and near Canada are monitored 24/7 by the Pacific Division of the Geological Survey of Canada from offices in Ottawa ON and Sidney BC. The goal of Earthquakes Canada is to understand the causes of, and hazards associated with earthquakes in Canada.
- Natural Resources Canada. Climate change Impacts and adaptation. Project database, coastal zones.
- Links to a comprehensive report detailing storm surges and potential flooding in southeast New Brunswick
- Natural Resources Canada. Forest Fires in Canada Web site
- Fire occurrence - This site is useful for monitoring current wildfire status.
- Natural Resources Canada. Fraser River 1948 : Geoscape Vancouver
- The last great flood of the Fraser River in the lower mainland of British Columbia occurred in 1948 and resulted in the evacuation of 9000 people. A very brief summary of this flood with several pictures can be found at this link.
- Natural Resources Canada. Geological Survey of Canada. Flooding in the Saguenay Area, 1996
- Geomorphic effects and impacts from July 1996 severe flooding in the Saguenay area, Quebec
- Natural Resources Canada. Geological Survey of Canada. Landslides, photo collection
- A collection of downloadable photographs of landslides in Canada
- Natural Resources Canada. Geological Survey of Canada. Red River Flood 1997 : Geoscientific insights into the Red River and its flood problem in Manitoba
- The Red River flood of 1997 was the largest Red River flood since 1852 and the third largest since the great flood of 1826. The greatest impact of the flooding in Manitoba was to small communities and isolated farms and residences located between Winnipeg and the Canada-USA border. Severe flooding in Winnipeg was prevented by the operations of the Red River Floodway, constructed in the 1960s to prevent the recurrence of a disaster similar to that caused by the 1950 flood. This links to geoscientific work undertaken in response to the flood disaster by Natural Resources Canada.
- Natural Resources Canada. Geological Survey of Canada. Saguenay Floods 1996: Geomorphic effects and impacts from July 1996 severe flooding in the Saguenay area, Quebec
- The Saguenay floods involved the flooding of many rivers in southern Quebec in July 1996, but the worst flooding occurred in the general area of Chicoutimi-Lake St. Jean. This disaster is notable because of the breaching of a number of small dams. A post-disaster inquiry led to provincial legislation that improved the management and safety of small dams in Quebec.
- Natural Resources Canada. Geological Survey of Canada. Volcanoes of Canada
- Information about volcanoes in Canada
- Public Safety Canada. Family Preparedness
- This site has comprehensive information on what the risks are, what you can do to get ready and how to respond in an emergency.
- Public Safety Canada. Keeping Canadians Safe. Significant tsunamis and storm surges of the 19th and 20th centuries
- Useful site listing some known surges in Canada and providing information on preparing for surges
- Public Security and Emergency Preparedness Canada. Natural Disasters
- On the Public Security and Emergency Preparedness Canada website, this site contains a comprehensive list of Canadian links for natural hazard information including floods. Many of the links are to provincial websites containing flood emergency preparedness and response information.
- Radio-Canada Nouvelles. Une tornade frappe le Québec (available in French only)
- Mise à jour le mercredi 7 juillet 1999, 20 h 32
Provincial/Territorial Government
- British Columbia Provincial Emergency Preparedness Program, Coastal Communities at Risk and Local Warning Capabilities
- Tsunami hazard map of coastal British Columbia (from British Columbia Tsunami Warning and Alerting Plan 2001)
- Government of British Columbia. Landslides in British Columbia
- Good coverage of landslides in British Columbia, including what to do to minimize risk.
- Government of British Columbia. Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General. Provincial Emergency Program. Tsunami Preparedness
- The Provincial Emergency Program, as an essential part of the public safety network of British Columbia, will be the leader in emergency management, helping people to prepare for, respond to and recover from emergencies and disasters.
- Government of Nova Scotia. Emergency management office. Storm surge.
- Excellent site from the Nova Scotia Emergency Management Organization providing information on preparing for and recovering from storm surges and emergencies in general
- Manitoba Floodway Authority
- This link is the site of the Manitoba Floodway Authority which is tasked with managing the construction of the Red River Floodway expansion project.
- Société de protection des forêts contre le feu
- The Société de protection des forêts contre le feu (SOPFEU) is mandated to prevent, detect and suppress forest fires in Québec.
Other
- American Avalanche Association.
- The American Avalanche Association (AAA) is comprised of a collective group of dedicated professionals engaged in the study, forecasting, control and mitigation of snow avalanches.
- Canadian Avalanche Association
- The Canadian Avalanche Association is dedicated to bringing the avalanche community together to develop knowledge and understanding of avalanches, facilitate communication, promote professionalism, and provide quality avalanche education.
- Dalhousie University. Storm surges or is that an ocean in my basement?
- Dalhousie University presentation giving worldwide examples of storm surge events and estimates of lives lost
- Frank Slide Interpretive Centre
- Information on the 1903 landslide at Frank, Alberta, can be found on the website of the Frank Slide Interpretive Centre
- Hurricane Hazel 1954
- The remnants of Hurricane Hazel struck southern Ontario in October, 1954, causing a major flood disaster that killed 81 people. This link provides an overview of the disaster as well as images from the flood. Also included is information on the post-disaster efforts to improve flood control and flood management along rivers in Ontario.
- Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction
- Canada’s property and casualty insurers founded the Institute in 1998. ICLR is a coordinated effort to reduce disaster losses involving member insurance companies, The University of Western Ontario and other partners.
- Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Kamchatka, Russia
- Information about volcanoes in eastern Russia (Kamchatka)
- Pacific Tsunami Museum
- The goal of the Pacific Tsunami Museum is to promote public tsunami education for the people of Hawaii and the Pacific Region.
- Red River Flood 1997
- This link leads to material that provides an overview of the 1997 Red River flood in both Canada and the USA.
- Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Global Volcanism Program
- This site is from the Smithsonian institute and provides a lot of information about volcanoes globally. It is focused on researchers.
- United States Geological Servey (USGS). Alaska Volcano Observatory
- Information about volcanoes to the north (i.e. Alaska)
- United States Geological Servey (USGS). Cascades Volcano Observatory
- Information about volcanoes to the South (Washington, Oregon, and northern California)
- United States Geological Servey (USGS). North Dakota Water Science Center. Red River Flood 1950
- The Red River flood of 1950 was a major Canadian flood disaster that resulted in 107 000 people being evacuated from Winnipeg (one-third of the city) and $1.1 billion in damage costs (1999 dollars). This disaster led to the construction of the Red River Floodway in the 1960s which is Canada's best known and most successful engineered flood control structure. Since it became operational in 1968, Floodway operations have prevented damage costs in Winnipeg that far exceed the cost of Floodway construction. The following link is to a U.S. Geological Survey website that provides an overview of the 1950 flood in both Canada and the USA.
- United States Geological Survey
- Information on landslide hazard can be found on the website of the United States Geological Survey.
- United States Geological Survey. Western Coastal and Marine Geology. Tsunamis and Earthquakes
- Tsunami Generation from the 2004 M=9.0 Sumatra Earthquake
- United States Government. Department of Commerce. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Hurricane Research Division.
- The Hurricane Research Division (HRD) is a part of the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML). We are engaged in advancing the basic physical understanding and improving the forecasts of hurricanes and tropical meteorological systems.
- United States Government. Department of Commerce. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Severe Storms Laboratory
- The mission of the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) is to enhance the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) capabilities to provide accurate and timely forecasts and warnings of hazardous weather events (such as blizzards, ice storms, flash floods, tornadoes, lightning.)
- United States Government. Department of Commerce. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Weather Service. West Coast & Alaska Tsunami Warning Center.
- The U.S.West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (WC/ATWC) was established in Palmer, Alaska in 1967 as a direct result of the great Alaskan earthquake that occurred in Prince William Sound on March 27, 1964. This earthquake alerted State and Federal officials to the need for a facility to provide timely and effective tsunami warnings and information for the coastal areas of Alaska.
- United States Government. Department of Commerce. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Tropical Prediction Center. National Hurricane Center
- The National Hurricane Center (NHC) maintains a continuous watch on tropical cyclones from 15 May in the eastern Pacific and 1 June in the Atlantic through November 30. The Center prepares and issues forecasts, watches and warnings within text advisories and graphical products.
- United States Government. Department of Commerce. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Tropical Prediction Center. National Hurricane Center. Hurricane preparedness. Storm surge
- Site from NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) providing more information on surges during hurricanes with good animations
- United States Government. Department of Homeland Security. Federal Emergency Management Agency. Before a Hurricane
- General information on preparing specifically for hurricanes including useful "how to" guides
- Volcano World
- This site is a public outreach site of the North Dakota and Oregon Space Grant Consortia administered by the Department of Geosciences at Oregon State University. It provides a variety of resources including activities for kids.
Inter-agency
- Firewise
- A United States web site that will help you learn to protect yourself, your family, your home, and your community against wildfire.
- Partners in Protection
- Web site that will help you protect yourself, your family, your home, and your community against wildfire.
- The Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre
- The Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre (CIFFC) provides operational fire-control services, as well as management and information services to its Member Agencies.
- The Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre - Forest-Fire Links
- Individual provinces and territories have information about FireSmart programs. This web site provides links to these agencies.
