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References and Links
References and Links has information on the map sources, bibliographic references and links to related Web sites.
List of References and Links:
Map Sources
The Atlas maps are composed of several layers of which there are two broad categories: thematic and base layers. Find below a description of each of the map layers. The layer source is included in the metadata.
Thematic Map Layers
- Incidence of low income cut-off (%), 1995
- The low income cut-off is calculated by Statistics Canada as an income level defined for economic families or unattached individuals below which they are estimated to spend 70% or more of their income on food, shelter and clothing. These incidence rates are calculated from unrounded estimates of economic families and unattached individuals 15 years of age and over. The settled area outline used for 1996 Census data includes more than 98% of the Canadian population.
Base Map Layers
- Atlas of Canada Framework Layers
- Base map components are features that provide a geographic context for the thematic data shown on Atlas of Canada maps. These features include rivers, lakes, administrative boundaries, populated places, roads and rail lines. All of the Atlas of Canada base map components are available for immediate free download in five scales and in a number of data exchange formats. The 1:7 500 000 and the 1:1 000 000 scale data are the primary base frameworks used for all Atlas of Canada 6th Edition online maps. You can download Atlas of Canada data from this Web page on GeoGratis.
References
Advisory Council on Health Infostructure. 1999. Health Infoway: Paths to Better Health. Health Canada Cat. H21-145/1999E. Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services.
Battle, K. 1999. Incomes and outcomes. Canadian Journal of Public Health 90:366-367.
Canada. Human Resources Development Canada. 1999. A new measure of economic well-being. Applied Research Bulletin 5:1-2.
Canada. Human Resources Development Canada. 2000. High risk factors behind poverty and exclusion. Applied Research Bulletin 6:1-3.
Canada. Human Resources Development Canada. 2000. Poverty would be cut by two-thirds if all adults worked full time. Applied Research Bulletin 6:3-5.
Canada. Statistics Canada. 1999. Low Income Cut-offs. Catalogue No. 13-551-XIB. Ottawa: Minister of Industry.
Canada. Statistics Canada. 2000. Family income, 1998. The Daily, June 12. Statistics Canada. Ottawa.
Canada. Statistics Canada. Health Canada and Canadian Institute for Health Information. 1999. Statistical Report on the Health of Canadians.
Canadian Public Health Association. 1997. Health Impacts of Social and Economic Conditions. Ottawa.
Crompton, S. 2000. 100 years of health. Canadian Social Trends 59:12-17.
Ecob, R. and G.D. Smith. 1999. Income and health: what is the nature of the relationship? Social Science & Medicine 48:693-705.
Epp, J. 1986. Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion. Ottawa: Health and Welfare Canada.
Evans, R.G., M. Barer and T. Marmor. 1994. Why Are Some People Healthy and Others Not? New York: Aldine De Gryter.
Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1994. Strategies for Population Health: Investing in the Health of Canadians. Prepared for the meeting of the Ministers of Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, September 14-15, 1994. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services Canada.
Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1996. Report on the Health of Canadians. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services Canada.
Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1999. Toward a Healthy Future: Second Report on the Health of Canadians. Health Canada Catalogue Number H39-468/1999E. Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services.
Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1999. Statistical Report on the Health of Canadians. Statistics Canada. Catalogue Number 82-570-X1E. Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services.
Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1997. Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health.
Fellegi, Ivan P. 1997. On Poverty and Low Income. Statistics Canada. Ottawa.
Hayes, Michael V. and James R. Dunn. 1998. Population Health in Canada: A Systematic Review. CPRN Study No. H|01|. Ottawa: Renouf Publishing Co. Ltd.
Lalonde, M. 1974. A New Perspective on the Health of Canadians. Ottawa: Health and Welfare Canada.
Lynch, J.W., G.D. Smith, G.A. Kaplan, and J.S. House. 2000. Income inequality and mortality: importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment, or material conditions. British Medical Journal 320:1200-1204.
Mackillop, W.J., J. Zhang-Salomons, C.J. Boyd and P.A. Groome. 2000. Associations between community income and cancer incidence in Canada and the United States. Cancer 89:901-912.
McIntyre, L., S.K. Connor and J. Warren. 2000. Child hunger in Canada: results of the 1994 National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. Canadian Medical Association Journal 163:961-965.
Raphael, D. 1999. Health effects of economic inequality. Canadian Review of Social Policy 45:25-51.
Townson, M. 1999. Health & Wealth: How social and economic factors affect our well-being. Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.
Valanis, B. 1992. Epidemiology. Norwalk (Connecticut): Appleton & Lange (Prentice Hall).
Wharry, S. 1998. Newsflash: it's unhealthy to be poor. Canadian Medical Association Journal 158:1125.
Yalnizyan, A. 2000. Canada's Great Divide: The politics of the growing gap between rich and poor in the 1990s. Toronto: Centre for Social Justice.
Young, T. Kue. 1998. Population Health: Concepts and Methods. New York: Oxford University Press.
Web Sites
Federal Government
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- CIHR is Canada's major federal funding agency for health research.
- Government of Canada. Canadian Rural Partnership
- The Partnership is about operating within the federal government to ensure that federal programs, policies and activities provide support to rural communities.
- Health Canada. Canadian Health Network
- CHN is Canada's national network of health information providers. This site gives you easy access to health information you can trust from over 600 organizations across Canada.
- Health Canada. Population Health
- Information and the nature of population health are provided.
- Statistics Canada
- Homepage for Statistics Canada.
Provincial/Territorial Government
- Government of Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Department of Health
- Health & Social Services
- Northwest Territories
- Health and Social Services
- Nunavut
- Health and Social Services
- Ontario
- Health and Long-term Care
- Quebec (available in French only)
- Health and Social Services
- Yukon
- Health and Social Services
Other
- Action on Smoking and Health (ASH)
- ASH is a registered charitable society headquartered in Edmonton; it is one of western Canada's leading tobacco control agencies
- Airspace Action on Smoking and Health
- This site is of a British Columbia citizens organization working towards the reduction of tobacco use
- Brandon University. Rural Health Research Group. Determinants of Health of Rural Populations and Communities
- This three-year project is an innovative, interdisciplinary research project coordinated through the Rural Development Institute at Brandon University in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada.
- British Columbia Ministry of Health: Tobacco Facts
- You'll find lots of resources, tools, information, downloadable posters, and graphic pictures on this site
- Calgary Health Region Tobacco Reduction Web Site
- Smoking and Tobacco information
- Canadian Dental Association
- The Canadian Dental Association is the authoritative national voice of dentistry, dedicated to the representation and advancement of the profession, nationally and internationally, and to the achievement of optimal oral health
- Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions
- Information of the health of patients and our national health system
- Canadian Institute for Health Information
- Home page for nonprofit organization whose mandate is to improve the health of Canadians.
- Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)
- CNA is a federation of 11 provincial and territorial nursing associations representing more than 110,000 registered nurses
- Canadian Public Health Association
- This website includes several articles and position papers which examine income and health relationships
- Dalhousie University. Atlantic Health Promotion Research Centre
- The AHPRC is currently supported by the Faculties of Health Professions, Medicine, and Dentistry at Dalhousie University, NHRDP, the Departments of Health in Nova Scotia, Newfoundland & Labrador, and Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and Manulife Financial.
- Health Services Utilization and Research Commission of Saskatchewan
- Information about the Saskatchewan's health system
- McMaster University. Faculty of Social Sciences. Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population
- SEDAP is a multi-disciplinary research program funded primarily by SSHRC and centered at McMaster University. It involves 28 academics from five universities. The program runs from Jan 1, 1999 to Dec 31, 2003.
- Physicians for a Smoke-Free Canada
- Organization of Canadian physicians who share the reduction of tobacco-caused illness through reduced smoking and reduced exposure to second-hand smoke
- The Canadian Council on Social Development (CCSD)
- The Canadian Council on Social Development (CCSD) is one of Canada's most authoritative voices promoting better social and economic security for all Canadians.
- United States Government. United States National Institutes of Health
- Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults
- University of Northern British Columbia. British Columbia Rural & Remote Health Research Institute
- The British Columbia Rural & Remote Health Research Institute at the University of Northern British Columbia was established in 2001, in response to accumulating evidence of compromised health status and quality of life among rural, remote and northern populations.
- University of Victoria. Centre on Aging
- The Centre on Aging at the University of Victoria is a multidisciplinary social science research centre established in 1992. Our mandate is to promote and conduct basic and applied research throughout the lifespan.
